Hi Brian, I always use spray adhesive, and it doesn't make a mess of the wood. Spray ONLY the back of the pattern, not the wood, and make sure it's repositionable. You'll learn how much to use as you practice....not enough and the pattern will lift off as you are cutting, and too much won't come off at all without without help from mineral spirits. For me, too much is better than not enough, because you've already found how much fun it is trying to cut something that's lifting off.
A paper towel or sponge with some mineral spirits works great...wipe it on and wait about 5 minutes. Peel the pattern off, wipe the wood with a clean paper towel, and then repeat the process with the mineral spirits to get any glue residue off the wood. Sounds like a lot of work, but as I said, you'll learn how much to use so that when you're done cutting, you can just slowly peel the pattern right off and you're done.
I've tried 3M, Elmer's, Aleene's and CRC and all work well. I've found the Elmer's needs a bit more than the other 3.
Good luck,
Nancy